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SCUBA DIVING GUIDE

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product reviews

Best Cold Water Scuba Diving Equipment

January 24, 2019 by Joe 14 Comments

Is Scuba Diving Fun? Yes!
Is Scuba Diving Fun? Yes!

When most people think of scuba diving they imagine a warm tropical setting with the fantastic creatures and wrecks that have been presented in the media that we are all familiar with.  Cold water settings, though, can be equally, if not more amazing with the array of life and exploration possibilities.  Places like the Arctic and Antarctic, the Isle of Man or the San Juan Islands (all places I have reviewed on this site) are all exceptionally fascinating and accessible to divers with the right equipment.  Below I present the gear options so you will be ready when you get the chance to dive in cold water.

Drysuit Scuba Diving

If the water is really cold, the best choice is a drysuit.  It can be pretty expensive and there are other accessories to complete the package, but is the option which will keep you warmest in the most frigid conditions.

Drysuits 

Each drysuit has its own special features and characteristics and there is air inside it between your body and the suit that has an impact on buoyancy. Because of these factors you need a little practice and training before wearing it on a serious dive at depth.  Here is a post which provides a description of the features and considerations of drysuit diving in detail, followed by one with detailed descriptions of the best drysuits:

  • Best Scuba Drysuits – Features Described and Compared
  • Top 10 Scuba Drysuits of 2019 Compared and Reviewed

Drysuit Undergarmants 

The water is cold and you’ve decided on using a drysuit. It will keep you dry, but only offers a minimum of warmth.  You’ll need to wear something underneath that gives you proper thermal protection without overheating.  The use of drysuit undergarments is the solution.  This post explains the features and characteristics of drysuit undergarments and reviews 10 top models:

Best Drysuit Undergarments of 2019

Drysuit Gloves 

Drysuit gloves seal to the wrist of the drysuit.  There are different systems to accomplish this including the use of a ring or zipper system.  Here are several top models:

  • Bare Drysuit Dry Gloves with Docking Rings & Thermal Liner
  • DUI Zip Gloves Heavy Duty Dry Suit Gloves with Liners
  • DUI Zip Gloves Maximum Dexterity Dry Suit Gloves with Liners

Drysuit Hoods 

Drysuit hoods are usually made of neoprene, like wetsuit hoods, but are thick and well sealed around the face and neck.  Here are several top models:

  • DUI 7mm Warm Neck Self-Venting Scuba Diving Dry Suit Hood
  • Aqua Lung Heat Zippered Drysuit Hood
  • XS Scuba 7mm Drysuit Hood

Drysuit Boots

Most divers use thick wetsuit boots with their drysuit.  Some drysuits have a soft sock attached that can be worn inside wetsuit boots or durable, hard soled drysuit boots, which add greater protection when walking over rocky surfaces:

DUI Rock Boot – Drysuit Boot

Wetsuit Scuba Diving

Drysuits are usually pretty expensive, and as stated earlier, require some extra training and practice to become safely acclimated.  For many a thick wetsuit of 7mm or more is an acceptable alternative, along with some added accessories.

Wetsuits 

A wetsuit can provide good thermal protection in very cold water if it is thick enough, fits well and has very minimal water circulation.  The proper accessories provide a good assist in maintaining optimal comfort.  Here are two posts to help you decide which wetsuit is right for you.  The first gives you an explanation of how wetsuits keep you warm and describes the features and characteristics of good wetsuits.  The second reviews 10 top wetsuits, 9 of which are available in 7mm or thicker neoprene:

  • The Best Scuba Diving Wetsuit – Features and Descriptions
  • The 10 Best Scuba Diving Wetsuits of 2019 – Reviewed and Compared

Wetsuit Gloves 

For really cold water, 5mm should be the minimum thickness.  A well constructed and designed pair uses a material like stretch neoprene that provides warmth, a flexible, comfortable fit, and sturdy seams resistant to leakage.  This post provides an explanation of the best features and reviews 8 models, 4 of which come in 5mm thickness:

Best Scuba Diving Gloves of 2019

Wetsuit Hood/Hooded Vest 

For really cold water diving with a wetsuit, a hood 5mm or thicker is advised.  A hooded vest is an option which adds a layer of neoprene to the torso while eliminating the possibility of inflow at the neck.  The Bare 7/3mm Ultrawarmth Hooded Vest, shown at right, is a good example.  Here is a review and description of wetsuit hoods, 4 of which are 5mm or thicker:

Best 8 Scuba Diving Hoods of 2018

 

Wetsuit Boots 

For cold water the full foot fin without a boot is a non-starter.  You’ll want a boot with 5mm of neoprene in thickness and a thick sole is helpful.  The following post describes the features and characteristics to you look for with 9 of 12  boots reviewed having greater than 5mm in thickness:

Best Scuba Dive Boots of 2019 – Reviewed and Compared 

Other Cold Water Gear

Regulators

When diving in extremely cold water the regulator first stage freezing up is a consideration.  To avoid this, the first stage needs to have an environmental seal which won’t allow the very cold sea water to get inside. The Atomic M1 Regulator is highly rated for cold water use.  Here is my post on regulators where I describe features and characteristics and review several models rated for cold water usage:

Top 5 Best Regulators of 2019 – Reviewed and Compared

I hope you found this post on cold water equipment interesting and useful. If you have any questions or ideas, please feel free to share them in the comments section.  If there is no comments section directly below, click here:  >>comments<<

Filed Under: cold water gear, product reviews, scuba diving equipment

Best Drysuit Undergarments of 2019

January 23, 2019 by Joe Leave a Comment

You have anticipated diving in colder water and made the decision to go with a drysuit.  The drysuit, itself, only provides a minimum of thermal protection.  Sure, it keeps you dry, but if you want to be warm, you’ll need to consider an undergarment to do the job effectively without overheating.

What factors do you need to consider when deciding what undergarment(s) to choose.  It depends on the water temperature, your preferences and style, and the price.  I’ve put together some categories to consider in your selection process and descriptions of 10 popular undergarments to browse.

Best Drysuit Undergarments of 2019 – the List

  • Scubapro Climasphere
  • Fourth Element Halo 3D
  • Fourth Element Arctic
  • Aqua Lung MKO
  • Waterproof Meshtec Men’s Top
  • Waterproof Meshtec Men’s Bottom
  • Waterproof Warmtec HD 200G Fiberfill
  • Waterproof Warmtec HD 300G Fiberfill
  • Hollis 300gm Men’s Undergarment
  • Sharkskin Men’s Chillproof Undergarment
  • Bare Polarwear Undergarment

How to Choose the Best Drysuit Undergarments

Warmth – The most important feature of an undergarment is warmth.  Some materials insulate better than others.  Drysuits will leak and the undergarment must still be effective when a little bit wet.  In addition, moisture wicking, that is the ability of the material to eliminate moisture, like sweat, from the body, is important.  This will help maintain comfort and avoid that sticky feeling.

Layering – Wearing more than one layer of undergarments is an effective way to maintain warmth. It is best for the undergarments to be designed to be used together.  For really cold water a base layer is worn next to the skin and additional layers added on top.  Being bulky and hindering movement is a factor in choosing which garments to be worn together.  In addition, accessories including hoods, gloves and booties designed for colder water will be essential in maintaining warmth.

Design and Fit – There are several options available to suit your personal needs and comfort.  Most undergarments are one piece, full body models.  Two piece systems with a top and a bottom, which are more versatile, are a choice. You can wear one or the other separately or in conjunction with other undergarments.  Some are designed in the form of a vest to put emphasis on warmth for the body core.  Battery operated models are also available which are heated.  Foot and thumb loops are useful in keeping the garment in place and prevent riding up.  Stretch panels can be incorporated in the crotch or armpits for increased mobility and the allowance of proper finning capability.  The design should allow the hosing and apparatus for a P-valve (a system which allows the collection of urine during the dive, while maintaining dryness).  The undergarment should always fit well and be comfortable or there will be a negative impact on the experience.

Material – A number of different materials are used to accomplish the various functions described.  Wicking is important to keep the diver as dry as possible. The material should also provide the necessary warmth while under increased barometric pressure.  Fleece is soft and a good insulator and also effectively wicks away moisture.  Wool can also be used for increased warmth in colder water and has similar wicking properties.  Compression can alter the properties of materials.  Some suits use pre-compressed materials like Thinsulate, which is an excellent insulator, yet very thin, and won’t affect buoyancy when changing depth.  Nylon and Spandex are two other useful materials that have features which can improve durability and flexibility, respectively, that can be combined with other materials.

Care and Maintenance – Because of the variety of materials that are used in the design and construction of the different undergarments, be sure to follow carefully the instructions from the manufacturer when washing and storing.

For my reviews of related cold water equipment, please click on the titles below:

  • Top 10 Scuba Drysuits of 2019 Compared and Reviewed
  • Best Scuba Dive Boots of 2019 – Reviewed and Compared
  • Best Scuba Diving Gloves of 2019
  • Best 8 Scuba Diving Hoods of 2019

Best Drysuit Undergarment Reviews

Scubapro Climasphere Drysuit Undergarment 

  • Unisex
  • Stretch fleece – conforms to the body, but allows freedom of movement
  • Two pieces – full body undersuit and shorty top
  • Thumb and foot loops
  • Neoprene cuffs on ankles and wrists
  • Can wear one or both pieces for moderate or colder water

Check the Price

Fourth Element Halo 3D Drysuit Undergarment

  • Thumb and foot loops, P-valve holes
  • 3 layer construction using dual layered stretch material with Spacetek insulated panels
  • Very warm even when wet
  • Designed to combine with Xerotherm inner layer
  • Bulky when worn with Xerotherm layer
  • Expensive
  • Effective in very cold water, especially when combined with the Xerotherm inner layer

Check the Price

Fourth Element Arctic Drysuit Undergarment 

  • Thumb and foot loops
  • Dual layer lightweight fleece-like material for insulation and comfort
  • Overlap prevents separation and development of cold spots
  • Continues to perform well when wet
  • Good for cold water when used alone, when combined with Xerotherm under layer is suitable for very cold water

Check the Price

Aqua Lung MKO Drysuit Undergarment

  • Unisex
  • Material of breathable, moisture-wicking bamboo blend with Spandex for extra stretch to fit all
  • Rear relief flap and two-way non-corroding YKK zipper
  • Excellent base layer when used with other undergarments
  • Used alone suitable for moderately cold water

Check the Price

Waterproof Meshtec Men’s Top

  • Top of a two piece undergarment (that can be used with the bottom, just below)
  • Comfortable, stretchy 3 mm incompressible 3D Mesh lining for easy donning
  • Retains shape allowing air to move in your suit, keeping optimal body temperature
  • Thumb loops
  • Long top reaching mid thigh ensures no cold spots when combined with the bottom
  • Suitable for moderately cold water

Check the Price

Waterproof Meshtec Men’s Bottom

  • Bottom of a two piece undergarment (that can be combined with the top, just above)
  • Same comfortable, stretchy 3 mm incompressible 3D Mesh lining as used on the top for easy donning
  • Retains shape allowing air to move in your suit, keeping optimal body temperature
  • Foot stirrups
  • Suitable for moderately cold water

Check the Price

Waterproof Warmtec HD 200G Fiberfill

  • Unisex
  • Polyester fiber lining with scald surface, outer shell of 100% nylon taffeta 210 polyurethane silver coated
  • Snug fit, four pockets, mesh shoulders, elastic waist, front zipper, zippered legs, ventiliation zipper in armpits
  • Compression free technology
  • Suitable for moderately cold water

Check the Price

Waterproof Warmtec HD 300G Fiberfill

  • Unisex
  • Polyester fiber lining with scald surface, outer shell of 100% nylon taffeta 210 polyurethane silver coated
  • Snug fit, four pockets, mesh shoulders, elastic waist, front zipper, zippered legs, ventilation zipper in armpits
  • Compression free technology
  • Thick material a little bulky
  • Suitable for cold water

Check the Price

Hollis 300gm Men’s Undergarment

  • Outer shell of nylon, technical fleece lining
  • Neoprene cuffs, underarm vents, neoprene stretch panel in crotch for easier leg movement
  • Windproof nylon shell
  • Very affordable
  • Suitable for moderately cold water

Check the Price

Sharkskin Men’s Chillproof Undergarment

  • Very thin, neutrally buoyant, odor-resistant material with anti-microbial features
  • Front zipper
  • Windproof membrane
  • Warmth maintained even when wet
  • Suitable for moderately cold water

Check the Price

Bare Polarwear Undergarment

  • Nylon exterior with thinsulate insulated interior
  • Fleece material with stretch panels
  • Ribbed knit cuffs and collar comfort and fit
  • Hand warmer pockets, chest pocket with zipper
  • Thumb and foot loops, wo way zipper for easy P-valve routing
  • Expensive and bulky
  • Very warm, suitable for cold water

Check the Price

PictureUndergarmentWarmthRatingPrice
Scubapro Climasphere*5 $$
Fourth Element
Halo 3D
****5$$$$
Fourth Element
Arctic
***5$$
Aqua Lung MKO*5$
Waterproof Meshtec
Men's Top
*4.5$
Waterproof Meshtec Men's Bottom*4.5$
Waterproof Warmtec HD 200G Fiberfill**4.6$$
Waterproof Warmtec HD 300G Fiberfill***4.6$$
Hollis 100gm Men's Undergarment**4.4$
Sharkskin Men's Chillproof Undergarment**4.5$$
Bare Polarwear Undergarment****4.7$$$

I hope you found this post on drysuit undergarments interesting and useful. If you have any questions or ideas, please feel free to share them in the comments section.  If there is no comments section directly below, click here:  >>comments<<

Filed Under: drysuit undergarments, product reviews, scuba diving equipment

The 10 Best Scuba Tanks of 2019

January 18, 2019 by Joe Leave a Comment

scuba dive tanksSnorkeling or freediving is a great sport, but unfortunately even the best can only stay underwater a few minutes.  To stay longer, a source of air is needed.  This can be achieved with a surface supply, such as a low pressure hookah system, or more popularly with a scuba tank.

When you start shopping at Amazon or a dive shop the choices can be a little daunting.  What should be considered in purchasing a tank?  Which ones are suitable for your stature, style of diving and personal air consumption?

Scuba Tank Buying Guide

Size – Scuba tanks come in a large range of sizes based on differing characteristics of people and the types of dives planned.  Pony or bail-out bottles can range from 6-40 cubic feet of air capacity and are designed to provide an extra source of air in an emergency and don’t normally need to hold a lot of air.  Most back mounted tanks will be larger as they are meant to provide an air source for an entire dive.  Typically they will be sized from 45-100 cubic feet, though may have even more capacity.  The most commonly used tank is an 80 cubic foot aluminum model because it can accommodate almost any diver for the duration of a standard dive and are reasonably priced, particularly at wholesale levels that dive shops want to pay.  Students and smaller divers may find that a 63 cubic foot tank will handle their air consumption needs, especially on shallow dives, and be less unwieldy than a bigger version.  Larger, higher air consumption divers or deep divers may opt for tanks of 100, 117 or even 149 cubic foot capacities.  Technical divers carrying differing mixtures of gas may carry several tanks of different sizes based on their dive plan and equipment configuration.

Materials – The two materials primarily used for scuba tanks are steel and aluminum.  Steel is sturdy, but susceptible to rust.  Aluminum can’t rust, but is softer and more prone to dents and dings which weaken the tank’s integrity.  A new carbon fiberglass material has recently come into use which is sturdy and also very light.  One of the models I review below uses this.

Aluminum and steel tanks when full will be negatively buoyant at the start of the dive and as air is consumed buoyancy will increase.  In the case of aluminum tanks, they will often become a bit positively buoyant by the end of the dive.  This will require the diver to compensate, particularly on ascent or at safety stops, to keep from prematurely or too quickly surfacing.  Some will choose to carry more weight to avoid this.

Low Pressure vs. High Pressure – The air in scuba tanks is compressed in order to be stored in a scuba tank.  The pressure range is measured in psi (pounds per square inch) or bar, using the metric system.  The normal range is 2,400-3,500 psi (165-240 Bar).  Tanks rated at the high end of that range, or high pressure (HP) tanks, use more material and are heavier and more unwieldy than the ones at the lower end (LP).  LP tanks are best for nitrox and technical divers who use partial pressure blending techniques to create the mix with the desired gas percentages.  Most tanks in popular use are LP tanks, however, one of the models I review below is an HP model.

Valves – Today practically all scuba tanks use K valves, which are basic twist on and off valves to control air flow from the tank to the regulator.  They are configured to attach to the regulator with a screw on DIN connector that is popular in Europe and among technical divers, or the yoke system favored in the U.S.  Adapters are available to convert from one system to the other.  The valve must turn easily and be leak free.  If this isn’t the case, then a professional technician should service it before use.

Oxygen Compatibility – Standard scuba tanks are rated for use with air, which has 20.9% oxygen.  More advanced divers may start to use blends of gas that have greater percentages of oxygen.  In that case, special care needs to be taken to assure safety.  This requires cleaning of the tank and valve with specified cleansing agents and the use of proper lubricants and other materials.  Before a tank is used for such gases, a technician is required to provide this service to meet certain standards.

Best Scuba Tanks Reviewed

Luxfor 80 Cubic Foot Aluminum Tank

  • Capacity: 80 CF (11.1 liters)
  • Measurements: 25.8 inches x 7.8 inches 
  • Weight when empty: 34.7 lbs (15.7 kg)
  • Buoyancy: -5.8 lbs (-2.63 kg) when full (positively buoyant at the end of the dive)
  • Max fill pressure: 3300 PSI/228 Bar
  • Material: high strength aluminum alloy
  • Comes with pro K valve, recent hydro, VIP Inspection Sticker, in multiple colors
  • Nitrox compatible to 40%, nitro tank wrap
  • Suitable for all round use and sidemount diving

Check the Price

Faber 85 Low Pressure Steel Tank

  • Capacity: 85 CF (13.1 liters)
  • Measurements: 25.98 inches x 7.01 inches 
  • Weight when empty: 37.65 lbs (17.1 kg)
  • Buoyancy: -3.8 lbs (-1.72 kg) when full (positively buoyant at the end of the dive)
  • Max fill pressure: 2,640 PSI/182 Bar
  • Material: steel with corrosion resistant finish
  • Comes with pro K valve, recent hydro
  • Nitrox compatible to 40%
  • Suitable for recreational and advanced divers

Check the Price

Luxfer 63 Cubic Foot Aluminum Tank

  • Capacity: 63 CF (9 liters)
  • Measurements: 21.9 inches x 7.3 inches
  • Weight when empty: 26.9 lbs (12.22 kg)
  • Buoyancy: -2.4 lbs (-1.1 kg) when full (positively buoyant at the end of the dive)
  • Max fill pressure: 3,000 PSI/200 Bar
  • Material: high strength aluminum alloy
  • Comes with pro K valve, recent hydro
  • Nitrox compatible to 23.5%
  • Suitable for young or smaller divers, pool instruction

Check the Price

Faber 100 High Pressure Steel Tank

  • Capacity: 100 CF (12.9 liters)
  • Measurements: 25.39 inches x 7.24 inches
  • Weight when empty: 34.3 lbs (15.59 kg)
  • Buoyancy: -2.42 lbs (-1.1 kg) when full (still negatively buoyant at the end of the dive)
  • Max fill pressure: 3,442 PSI/237 Bar
  • Material: steel with corrosion resistant finish
  • Comes with pro K valve, recent hydro
  • Nitrox compatible to 40%
  • Suitable for sport nitrox divers

Check the Price

Faber Stealth HP117 Steel Tank

  • Capacity: 117 CF (12.9 liters)
  • Measurements: 24.21 inches x 8.02 inches
  • Weight when empty: 37.6 lbs (17.09 kg)
  • Buoyancy: -9.12 lbs (-1.3 kg) when full (slightly positively buoyant on an empty tank)
  • Max fill pressure: 3,442 PSI/240 Bar
  • Material: steel with corrosion resistant finish
  • Comes with pro K valve, recent hydro
  • Nitrox compatible to 40%
  • Suitable for sport nitrox divers

Check the Price

Catalina 80 CF Aluminum Tank

  • Capacity: 80 CF (11.1 liters)
  • Measurements: 25.8 inches x 7.8 inches
  • Weight when empty: 31.6 lbs (14.36 kg)
  • Buoyancy: -5.8 (-2.64 kg) when full (positively buoyant at the end of the dive)
  • Max fill pressure: 3,000 PSI/200 Bar
  • Material: high strength aluminum alloy
  • Comes with pro K valve, recent hydro, variety of colors
  • Nitrox compatible to 40%
  • Suitable for all round use and side mount diving

Check the Price

Iorman Universal 95 CF Tank

  • Capacity: 95 CF (9 liters)
  • Measurements: 22.8 inches x 5.8 inches
  • Weight when empty: 12.4 lbs (5.63 kg) (very light)
  • Buoyancy: -5.8 (-2.64 kg) when full (positively buoyant at the end of the dive)
  • Max fill pressure: 4,500 PSI/310 Bar
  • Material: very durable carbon fiberglas with aluminum liner
  • Comes with valve, recent hydro/DOT certification
  • Suitable for general scuba diving and non-scuba usage including emergency escape respirator, lifesaver on ships, to fill PCP rifles and paintball tanks, fire and medical protection, etc.

Check the Price

Faber 149 CF Steel Tank

  • Capacity: 149 CF (12.9 liters)
  • Measurements: 29.33 inches x 8.02 inches
  • Weight when empty: 46.9 lbs (21.32 kg)
  • Buoyancy: -1.2 lbs (-2.64 kg) when full (still negatively buoyant at the end of the dive)
  • Max fill pressure: 3,442 PSI/237 Bar
  • Material: steel with corrosion resistant finish
  • Comes with pro K valve, recent hydro
  • Nitrox compatible to 40%
  • Suitable for sport nitrox and deep divers

Check the Price

Sherwood 100 CF Aluminum Tank

  • Capacity:100 (11.1 liters)
  • Measurements: 30.3 inches x 7.8 inches
  • Weight when empty: 46.2 lbs (21 kg)
  • Buoyancy: -7.8 lbs (-3.54 kg), (still negatively buoyant at the end of the dive)
  • Max fill pressure:3300 PSI / 228 Bar
  • Material: high strength aluminum alloy
  • Comes with pro K valve, recent hydro, in multiple colors
  • Nitrox compatible to 23.5%
  • Suitable for recreational and deep diving

Check the Price

PictureTankMaterialRatingPrice
Luxfer 80 CFAluminum4.5$$
Faber 85 CF Low PressureSteel4.5$$
Luxfer 63 CFAluminum4.5$
Faber 100 CF Steel5$$$
Faber 117 CFSteel5$$$
Catalina 80 CFAluminum5$$
Iorman 95 CFCarbon Fiberglass with Aluminum Liner4.5$$$$
Faber 149 CFSteel4.5$$$$
Sherwood 100 CF Aluminum4.5$$

Scuba Tank Maintenance

In order for safety and tank longevity, several steps should be followed after use:

  1. Rinse in fresh water to remove salt and grit from the tank and valve.
  2. Store the tank with the valve fully closed and a medium amount of air in the tank.  If the tank is full, it can weaken the structure and cause cracks, eventually.  If the valve is open, contaminants and moisture can get inside.
  3. Store it upright or fully horizontal to avoid stress.
  4. Rinse and clean your regulator thoroughly with fresh water after each dive to avoid foreign materials coming in contact with the tank valve.
  5. Allow everything to dry thoroughly and store out of direct sunlight, which can degrade the materials.

I hope you found this post on scuba tanks interesting and useful. If you have any questions or ideas, please feel free to share them in the comments section.  If there is no comments section directly below, click here:  >>comments<<

Filed Under: product reviews, scuba diving equipment, tanks

Top 8 Best SMB For Scuba Diving of 2019

January 5, 2019 by Joe Leave a Comment

A surface marker buoy or SMB is an important safety accessory which can alert boats on the surface of the position of divers so as to avoid contact or reveal the location for pick-up.  It provides an easily visible marker which can be seen from a distance when surface conditions are rough or a drift is causing the divers to travel a significant distance.

What are the important features?

Visibility – Bright colors, preferably yellow or orange, make the SMB easier to see in contrast to the colors of the water and sky.  A reflective strip at the top or running along the side can aid and is particularly useful for night diving.

Size – Ideally it is small and light enough to roll up and store in an easily attached bag or BCD pocket.  It should be long enough when inflated to be seen above the water surface conditions.  4-8 feet (120-240 cm) long and 4-12 inches (10-30 cm) wide is the basic range in size available, the point being to select one that it is large enough to be seen from a distance where you will be using it.  I recommend one longer than 5 feet (150 cm).

Open End vs. Closed – An open ended SMB can be inflated with exhalation bubbles or a second stage regulator.  The gas will escape if the opening is above part of the buoy or as it expands when pressure changes on deployment from depth to the surface.  A close ended buoy is inflated by various means and then sealed.  Air won’t escape unless an air dump valve is part of the design.  This avoids rupture by releasing gas through the valve on ascent or when the buoy is full in the original inflation.

Line/Reel – If the SMB is deployed at depth, there will need to be line attached.  For a safety stop it will need to be at least 15 feet (5 meters) for that purpose.  For decompression depths or deeper deployment, an appropriately longer line is necessary.  Particularly when longer line is used, a reel makes storage and deployment simpler and decreases tangling possibilities.

Attachment Options – A D-ring on the end of the buoy can be useful for attaching a strobe or other light for increased visibility or to clip onto your equipment.

Budget – Pricing starts below $10 for SMBs of the lightest materials and extends to the $100 range based on the strength and quality of the line and reel.

Best SMB Reviews

Zeagle Deluxe Signal Tube

  • Fluorescent orange color
  • 7 by 60 inches
  • Can purchase with 45 or 100 foot finger reel
  • Oral inflate valve
  • Over pressure relief valve
  • Pros: compact, over pressure valve
  • Cons: separate ties necessary for BCDs other than Zeagle brand, no reflective material

Check the Price

OMS Safety Set II

  • 72 inch length
  • Orange color
  • Includes plastic finger spool with double ender snap and 100 feet of line
  • Open bottom SMB
  • Storage bag and mesh safety pocket
  • Pros: storage bag, length
  • Cons: no reflective material

Check the Price

Dive Alert SMB

  • Heavy duty 400 Denier polyurethane coated nylon
  • 65 by 8 inches
  • Line/Reel purchased separately
  • Yellow with reflective strips
  • Closed circuit/one way valve construction
  • Over pressure relief valve
  • Handle at top to attach light or slate
  • Pros: sturdy, over pressure valve
  • Cons: doesn’t come with line/reel, bulky

Check the Price

DiveSmart 5 ft Scuba Diving Open Bottom Surface Marker Buoy (SMB) Kit 

  • Heavy duty 400 Denier polyurethane coated nylon
  • 5 by 45 inches
  • Orange, purple or yellow with reflective band
  • D-ring for attaching light
  • ABS finger spool with 100 feet of #24 braided nylon line
  • Inflate with regulator or orally
  • Over pressure relief valve
  • Whistle
  • Pros: over pressure valve, sturdy material
  • Cons: bulky, not too long

Check the Price

Promate Scuba Diving Inflatable Safety Tube

  • 210 Denier polyurethane coated nylon
  • 48 and 72 inch length options
  • Neon yellow or orange
  • Binding taped trim
  • Oral inflation
  • Over pressure relief valve
  • Pros: sturdy material, over pressure valve, affordable
  • Con: no reflective material

Check the Price

XS Scuba Surface Marker Buoy

  • Mil-Spec, urethane backed, nylon material
  • 84 by 22 inches
  • Red
  • Large reflective tape on both sides
  • Stainless steel D-ring
  • SS D-ring at top
  • Elastic loop for light attachment
  • Over pressure relief valve
  • Pros: 7 foot length, sturdy material, many attachment devices
  • Cons: line and reel not included

Check the Price

XS Scuba Safety Sausage

  • Rubber composite material
  • 75 by 9 inches
  • Orange
  • No line or reel included
  • Oral inflation only
  • Snap clip
  • Pros: lightweight, affordable
  • Cons: no reflective material

Check the Price

Blue Reef Aqua Safety Sausage Marine Rescue Tube Signal

  • Lightweight material
  • 78 inches long
  • Bright orange
  • No line or reel included
  • Inflatable with second stage
  • Pros: lightweight, affordable
  • Cons: no reflective material, thin material

Check the Price

PictureSMBMaterialLengthOver Pressure ValveReflectorRatingPrice
Zeagle Deluxe Signal TubeNot Specified60 inchesYesNo4.8$$
OMS Safety Set IINot Specified72 inchesNoNo4.7$$$
Dive Alert SMB400 Denier polyurethane coated nylon65 inchesYesYes4.5$$
DiveSmart 5 ft Scuba Diving Marker Buoy Kit 400 Denier polyurethane coated nylon45 inchesYesYes4.6$$
Promate Scuba Diving Inflatable Safety Tube 210 Denier polyurethane coated nylon48 or 72 inchesYesNo4.2$
XS Scuba Safety SausageRubber composite75 inchesNoNo4.1$$$
XS Scuba Surface Marker Buoy Urethene backed nylon84 inchesYesYes4.3$
Blue Reef Aqua Safety Sausage Not Specified78 inchesNoNo4.0$

Care of Your SMB 

  1. rinse in fresh water, inside and out
  2. dry and store out of the sun

I hope you found this post on scuba diving hoods interesting and useful. If you have any questions or ideas, please feel free to share them in the comments section.  If there is no comments section directly below, click here:  >>comments<<

Filed Under: product reviews, scuba diving equipment, SMBs (Surface Market Buoys)

Best 8 Scuba Diving Hoods of 2019

December 28, 2018 by Joe Leave a Comment

Wetsuit Hood Modeled

Why Use a Scuba Diving Hood?

When you feel cold in the water, it is uncomfortable and your body functions become effected and start to shut down.  Many divers use neoprene wetsuits, booties, gloves and even drysuits to combat the cold.  The addition of a hood can also be very effective as 60% of the body’s heat is lost through the head, so it follows that if the head is warm, it can help greatly in keeping the whole body warm.

Neoprene is a flexible, spongy rubber material filled with bubbles. When used in a diving hood it forms a close fit and traps heat between the head and the hood.  The thin layer of water there becomes warm from the body’s natural heat and with a proper fit is trapped, keeping the head warm throughout the dive.  If the hood is too loose and isn’t well sealed, cold water from the outside will flow through and the effect is lost.

The colder the water, the thicker the neoprene will need to be.  A rule of thumb is that for a water temperature of 70°F (21°C), 1-3 mm is the appropriate neoprene thickness, for 60-70°F (15.5-21°C), 4-5 mm and 50-60°F (10-15.5°C), 6-7 mm.

A cold water hood should cover the forehead, jaw and chin.  A bib helps to eliminate water flow by tucking into a wet or drysuit.  If the drysuit has an insulated neck, the bib wouldn’t be needed.

A warm water hood is thinner, without a neoprene bib and generally covers less of the face.  For really warm water, nylon lycra or some other new materials may be used.  While doing little to keep the head warm, a lycra hood can provide UV protection and prevent sea lice, stingers and other irritants from getting to the skin.

As mentioned, the fit should be snug to prevent water flowing in and out, but it should not be too tight.  A firm seal around the face and neck without discomfort is desired.  The newer versions of neoprene are very stretchy and flexible so that donning and doffing the hood is easy.  Some hoods have included a zipper or draw string to aid in this process and in sealing.

Best Diving Hoods

Neo Sport Multi-Density Wetsuit Hood

Form Fit, Minimal Water Exchange, Warm to Cold Water Options

  • Extra soft form fitting stretch neoprene
  • Large bib of thinner material that fits comfortably under the wetsuit to keep water out
  • Specially developed flow vent material permits air to escape without a water exchange
  • Stitched and glued seams won’t let water in
  • Available in 3 thicknesses:  3/2 mm – warm water, 5/3 mm moderate water, 7/5 mm cold water

Check the Price

IST Proline HDN0250 5mm Super Stretch Neoprene Dive Hood with Zip Back

Close Fitting, Easy On/Off Zipper, Cold Water Usage

  • Durable super stretch 5 mm neoprene
  • YKK rear zipper for easy on and off and close fit with full length gusset to prevent leakage
  • Double layered with top vents allowing air or water to escape without water exchange
  • Seams double blind stitched and glued to keep water out

Check the Price

Mares 5mm Flexa with Bib Dive Hood

Sturdy, Comfortable, Cold Water Usage

  • 5 mm stretch Nylon II Neoprene
  • Blind stitched, triple glued seems for strength and to keep water out
  • Bib fits under wetsuit to keep water out

Check the Price

Mares 6.5mm Trilastic Diving Hood

New Design, Comfortable, Cold Water Usage

  • New and redesigned
  • 6.5 mm hood with 3 mm bib
  • Extra flexible neoprene with stretch panels for comfort and good fit
  • Sapphire plush lining for comfort and added heat retention

Check the Price

O’Neill Wetsuits Mens 3mm Hyperfreak Coldwater Hood

Comfortable, Warm to Cool Water Usage

  • 3 mm TechnoButter neoprene for comfort and good fit
  • Glued and blindstitched seams for firm seal
  • Adjustable drawstring to aid the face seal
  • UV protection
  • Wind resistant

Check the Price

XS Scuba 2mm Neoprene Non-Choking Beanie

Comfortable Fit, Warmer Water Usage

  • 2 mm neoprene
  • Less restrictive comfortable design
  • Adjustable chin strap
  • Flatlock stitched seams for durability and fit

Check the Price

O’Neill Thinskins 1.5mm Hood

Water Sports & Warm Water Scuba

  • 1.5 mm Metal-Lite Nylon II Neoprene
  • For board sports, snorkeling and warm water scuba diving
  • UV protection
  • Chin strap

Check the Price

Storm Accessories Lycra Dive Hood for Warm Water Diving

Light Weight, Skin & UV Protection

  • Lightweight Lycra Spandex material
  • UV 50 protection
  • Protection from stings and sea irritants
  • Can be used under neoprene hood for comfort and easier on and off

Check the Price

PictureHoodMaterialThicknessRatingPrice
Neo Sport Multi-Density Wetsuit Hood Neoprene3/2 mm
5/3 mm
7/5mm
5 $$
IST Proline HDN0250 5mm Super Stretch Neoprene Dive Hood with Zip BackNeoprene5 mm4.7$$
Mares 5mm Flexa with Bib Dive HoodNeoprene5 mm4.7$$
Mares 6.5mm Trilastic Diving HoodNeoprene6.5 mm4.9$$$
O'Neill Wetsuits Mens 3 mm Hyperfreak Coldwater Hood Neoprene3 mm4.8$$$$
XS Scuba 2 mm Neoprene Non-Choking BeanieNeoprene2 mm4.5$
O'Neill Thinskins 1.5mm HoodNeoprene1.5 mm4.6$
Storm Accessories Lycra Hood for Warm Water Diving LycraNA4.5$

Scuba Diving Hood Care and Maintenance

  1. Rinse in fresh water after each dive (just like a wetsuit).  Don’t machine wash or use detergent.
  2. Allow hood to thoroughly dry out of the sun in a ventilated place.
  3. Don’t store it in the direct sun or under a lot of weight to avoid deterioration and deformities.

I hope you found this post on scuba diving hoods interesting and useful. If you have any questions or ideas, please feel free to share them in the comments section.  If there is no comments section directly below, click here:  >>comments<<

Filed Under: hoods, product reviews, scuba diving equipment

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